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Titel
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Reproduction and sex
This course focuses on cell division, hormones, sex and reproduction
Curriculum:
Phil Bradfield and Steve Potter: Pearson Edexcel International GCSE Biology, Pearson Education, 2017: 118-122, 123-126 (until ‘chapter questions’), 240-245
Fullick, Ann: Revision guide Edexcel International GCSE Biology. Pearson 2011 pg. 35-39
https://anat215.sitehost.iu.edu/virtualscope2/docs/chap11_1.htm
https://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/_/viewer.aspx?path=mgh_ceb&name=Section-of-a-mammalian-ovary.jpg&url=https%3A%2F%2Fencyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com%2Fisolecithal%2Bovum
http://medsci.indiana.edu/a215/virtualscope/virtual/html5_ovary_20x.html
https://anat215.sitehost.iu.edu/virtualscope2/docs/chap11_3.htm
Chromosome Numbers in Mitosis & Meiosis - Amoeba Sisters #Shorts
Mitosis vs. Meiosis: Side by Side Comparison
Meiosis (Updated)
Materials aside from book and links:
Papers for sexology (pdf)
Virtual lab (Word docx)
Experimental work:
Virtual microscopy of ovaries and testes – comparison to slides with ovaries from rabbits. Focus is structure and function: Naming the structures and discussing their function
The course starts with a class on consent, what it means in the eye of the law versus how to get and give consent.
The students should know what sexual reproduction is and have fundamental knowledge of the cell divisions responsible for sexual reproduction (meiosis). The students should be able describe the anatomy and function of both the outer and inner male and female reproduction organs in humans and know what primary sexual characteristics (genitalia) and secondary sexual characteristics are (genital hair, beard, muscles and bone growth, deeper voice, chest hair in males and more fatty tissue, breasts, wider hips in females).
A main part of the course is a focus on meiosis as the production of gametes, where the students should understand the basis for variation between individuals: Reduction in chromosome number (diploid to haploid cells), crossing over and random distribution of chromosomes. The phases of cell division (PMAT) and what happens in each phase – both in mitosis and in meiosis division 1 and 2. The students should also know what defines a chromosome and a chromatid and know the difference between them. To aid this, the students do their own drawings and make a video explaining cell division.
Furthermore, the students should be able to explain what a hormone is, how hormones are transported in the body, how they work and describe and explain the normal menstrual cycle, with the feedback cycles of the hormones. The students should know a few forms of birth control and be able to explain their function, and they should know a few sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). The contraception (birth control) and STDs are covered in one class, where the students in groups prepare a PowerPoint to present to other groups.
The students should know the following terms, and be able to use them correctly: Sexual reproduction, asexual reproduction, fertilization, gamete, zygote, haploid and diploid cells, mitosis, meiosis, crossing over, testes, sperm, penis, seminal vesicles, prostate, sperm duct, scrotum, urethra, ovaries, follicles, uterus, oviducts, cervix, bladder, vagina, menstrual cycle, ovulation, fertility, testosterone, estrogen, progesterone, LH, FSH, hormonal feedback (both negative and positive), primary and secondary sexual characteristics, contraceptives, STD
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