Holdet 2024 IB/Bio - Undervisningsbeskrivelse

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Undervisningsbeskrivelse

Stamoplysninger til brug ved prøver til gymnasiale uddannelser
Termin(er) 2024/25 - 2025/26
Institution z - NBW
Fag og niveau Biologi -
Lærer(e) Kate Kavli
Hold 2024 IB/Bio (IB1 Bio HL, IB1 Bio SL, IB2 Bio HL, IB2 Bio SL)

Oversigt over gennemførte undervisningsforløb
Titel 1 Cell biology (AHL)
Titel 2 Cell biology (SL)
Titel 3 Molecular biology (AHL)
Titel 4 Molecularbiology (SL)
Titel 5 Properties of water
Titel 6 Genetics, populations and evolution
Titel 7 (HL) Neurophysiology
Titel 8 (SL) Neurophysiology
Titel 9 (HL) Transport inside organisms
Titel 10 (SL) Transportation inside organisms
Titel 11 (HL) Movement / motility
Titel 12 (SL) Reproduction
Titel 13 (HL) Reproduction
Titel 14 (SL) The immunesystem
Titel 15 (SL) Homeostasis and enyzyme activity
Titel 16 (HL) Ecology - succesion
Titel 17 (HL) Endocrine signalling
Titel 18 (HL) Classification
Titel 19 (HL) Cells - cycle and adaptations
Titel 20 Forløb#20

Beskrivelse af de enkelte undervisningsforløb (1 skema for hvert forløb)
Titel 1 Cell biology (AHL)

Theme:


Central concepts:
- Origin of cells
- Endosymbiont theory
- Viruses
- Membranestructure ; Fluid mosaic model
- Advantages of compartmentalization

Pages in the book, articles, links etc.:
- Biology Course companion: p. 38-48, 74-78, 80-91, 220-228

Description:
This part focuses on the basic structures in cells and how our understanding of cells came to be.

Exercises:
- Microscopy of plant- and animalcells
- Osmosis illustrated by potatoes
-

Indhold
Kernestof:
Omfang Estimeret: 7,00 moduler
Dækker over: 18 moduler
Særlige fokuspunkter
Væsentligste arbejdsformer

Titel 2 Cell biology (SL)

Theme: Cells

Allott, A; Mindorff, D; 2023, Biology Course Companion: p. 49-67, 211-220, 240-245, 609-628.

Central concepts:

- Cell structure & differences between cell types
- Cell function
- Membrane transport
- The origin of cells
- Cell division - Mitosis & meiosis

Description:
This part covers the understandings of cellular theory and function in living organisms

Exercises:

- Use of a light microscope to investigate the structure of cells and
tissues, with drawing of cells. Calculation of the magnification of drawings
and the actual size of structures and ultrastructures shown in drawings or
micrographs. (Practical 1)

- Estimation of osmolarity in tissues by bathing samples in hypotonic and
hypertonic solutions. (Practical 2) - Potatoes submerged in water of different salinities.
Indhold
Kernestof:
Omfang Estimeret: 11,00 moduler
Dækker over: 26 moduler
Særlige fokuspunkter
Væsentligste arbejdsformer

Titel 3 Molecular biology (AHL)

Theme: Molecular biology

Central concepts:
- Origin of water
- DNA and its directionality
- Hershey-Chase's experiment on DNA
- Protein structure, Primary, Secundary, tertiary and quarternary level
- Metabolic pathways
-

Pages in the book, articles, links etc.:
- Biology Course companion: p. 25-31, 201-207, 354-361.

Description:
The part is about how water originated on earth and how Hershey-Chase proved the function of DNA as genetic material. Protein structures and the workings of metabolic pathways are covered in this section.

Exercises:
Indhold
Kernestof:
Omfang Estimeret: 4,00 moduler
Dækker over: 1 moduler
Særlige fokuspunkter
Væsentligste arbejdsformer

Titel 4 Molecularbiology (SL)

Theme: Molecular biology


Central concepts:
- Water and its chemical properties
- Macromolecules; Carbohydrates, Lipids and Proteins
- Enzymes and metabolism
- Respiration
- Photosynthesis
- DNA replication

Pages in the book, articles, links etc.:
- Allott, A; Mindorff, D; 2023, Biology Course Companion: p. 3-12, 25-31, 179-200, 339-353, 557-567, 572-581.

Description:
This part focuses on the biochemical functions of cells and tissues, so the organisms works as intended.

Exercises:
Indhold
Kernestof:
Omfang Estimeret: 10,00 moduler
Dækker over: 20 moduler
Særlige fokuspunkter
Væsentligste arbejdsformer

Titel 5 Properties of water

Theme: Properties of water


Central concepts:
- Chemical properties of water

Pages in the book, articles, links etc.:
- Allott, A; Mindorff, D; 2023, Biology Course Companion: p. 3-12

Description:


Exercises:
Indhold
Kernestof:
Omfang Estimeret: 1,00 modul
Dækker over: 1 moduler
Særlige fokuspunkter
Væsentligste arbejdsformer


Titel 7 (HL) Neurophysiology

Theme: Neurophysiology


Central concepts:
- Propagation of action potentials

Pages in the book, articles, links etc.:
- Allott, A; Mindorff, D; 2023, Biology Course Companion: p. 438-446

Description:
This theme covers how action potentials are generated and propagated through neurons

Exercises:
Indhold
Kernestof:
Omfang Estimeret: 1,00 modul
Dækker over: 1 moduler
Særlige fokuspunkter
Væsentligste arbejdsformer

Titel 8 (SL) Neurophysiology

Theme:
Neurophysiology

Central concepts:
- Neurons
   - Form and function
- The action potential
   - Transmission speed
   - Signals
- membrane potential
   - Na+ & K+ ions movement and concentrations
   - ion channels
   - neurotransmitters
- The synapse and transmission of signals across synapses

Pages in the book, articles, links etc.:
- Allott, A; Mindorff, D; 2023, Biology Course Companion: p. 429-437

Description:
This theme covers the basics in neurophysiology. How cell adaptations in neurons makes it possible for electrical signals to be transmitted fast and precise throughout the body. How membrane potential and changes in this activates and affects the flow of information is also covered.

Exercises:
Indhold
Kernestof:
Omfang Estimeret: 2,00 moduler
Dækker over: 4 moduler
Særlige fokuspunkter
Væsentligste arbejdsformer

Titel 9 (HL) Transport inside organisms

Theme:
Transportation of molecules etc. within organisms

Central concepts:
- Function of haemoglobin
- Movement of blood
- Transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide
- Water potential
- Transport of water and carbohydrates in plants (xylem & phloem)

Pages in the book, articles, links etc.:
- Allott, A; Mindorff, D; 2023, Biology Course Companion: p. 283-292, 658-663

Description:
This theme covers how molecules are moved around and across membranes inside animals and plants.

Exercises:
Indhold
Kernestof:
Omfang Estimeret: 5,00 moduler
Dækker over: 15 moduler
Særlige fokuspunkter
Væsentligste arbejdsformer

Titel 10 (SL) Transportation inside organisms

Theme:
Transportation

Central concepts:
- Form and function of the circulatory system
   - Arteries & veins
   - How blood is pumped out into the system from the heart
   - How blood is returned to the heart
   - Haemoglobin
- Heart
   - Form and function
   - Contraction
- Adaptations of xylem vessels and phloem sieve tubes in plants
   - transport of molecules in plants
   - roots of dicotyledonous plants


Pages in the book, articles, links etc.:
- Allott, A; Mindorff, D; 2023, Biology Course Companion: p. 271-282

Description:


Exercises:
Indhold
Kernestof:
Omfang Estimeret: 4,00 moduler
Dækker over: 5 moduler
Særlige fokuspunkter
Væsentligste arbejdsformer

Titel 11 (HL) Movement / motility

Theme:
Movement due to muscle contractions

Central concepts:
- Contraction cycle
- Activation of muscles
- Movement of the synovial joint

Pages in the book, articles, links etc.:
- Allott, A; Mindorff, D; 2023, Biology Course Companion: p. 293-304

Description:
The theme covers how movement of organisms are created, and the form and function of muscle tissue.

Exercises:
Indhold
Kernestof:
Omfang Estimeret: 2,00 moduler
Dækker over: 6 moduler
Særlige fokuspunkter
Væsentligste arbejdsformer

Titel 12 (SL) Reproduction

Theme: Reproduction


Central concepts:
- Sexual and asexual reproduction
- Form and function of male and female sex organs
- Regulation of sex hormones in males and females
- Fertilization
- Pollination
- Promotion of cross pollination
- Prevention of self-pollination

Pages in the book, articles, links etc.:
- Allott, A; Mindorff, D; 2023, Biology Course Companion: p. 665-675

Description:


Exercises:
Indhold
Kernestof:
Omfang Estimeret: 3,00 moduler
Dækker over: 8 moduler
Særlige fokuspunkter
Væsentligste arbejdsformer

Titel 13 (HL) Reproduction

Theme:
Reproduction

Central concepts:
- Hormonal regulation in males and females
   - Universal sex hormones (GnRH, LH, FSH)
   - Testosterone and Oestrogen(oestradiol)
- Spermatogenesis
- Oogenesis
- Prevention of poly spermy
- Pregnancy

Pages in the book, articles, links etc.:
- Allott, A; Mindorff, D; 2023, Biology Course Companion: p. 682-691

Description:
The theme covers how sex hormones are regulated in females and males. I addition to this the production and maintenance of gametes (sperm cells and egg cells) are covered. Finally pregnancy is covered.

Exercises:
Indhold
Kernestof:
Omfang Estimeret: 2,00 moduler
Dækker over: 4 moduler
Særlige fokuspunkter
Væsentligste arbejdsformer

Titel 14 (SL) The immunesystem

Theme: The Immunesystem


Central concepts:
- Pathogens as a cause for diseases
- Innate and adaptive immunesystem
- Antigens and antibodies and their interaction
- HIV as an example of a viral infection
- Antibiotics
- Antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria

Pages in the book, articles, links etc.:
- Allott, A; Mindorff, D; 2023, Biology Course Companion: p. 481-494

Description:


Exercises:
Indhold
Kernestof:
Omfang Estimeret: 2,00 moduler
Dækker over: 3 moduler
Særlige fokuspunkter
Væsentligste arbejdsformer

Titel 15 (SL) Homeostasis and enyzyme activity

Theme: Homeostasis and enzyme activity


Central concepts:
- Enzymes as catalysts
- Anabolic and catabolic reactions
- Induced-fit model for explaining enzyme-substrate interactions
- Homeostasis
   - Feedback mechanisms to maintain homeostasis
   - Negative and positive feedback mechanisms
- Diabetes type I and II as an example of imbalance in homeostasis

Pages in the book, articles, links etc.:
- Allott, A; Mindorff, D; 2023, Biology Course Companion: p. 339-344, 721-727

Description:


Exercises:
Indhold
Kernestof:
Omfang Estimeret: 4,00 moduler
Dækker over: 4 moduler
Særlige fokuspunkter
Væsentligste arbejdsformer

Titel 16 (HL) Ecology - succesion

Theme:


Central concepts:
- Succesion in ecosystems

Pages in the book, articles, links etc.:
- Allott, A; Mindorff, D; 2023, Biology Course Companion: p. 772-776

Description:


Exercises:
Indhold
Kernestof:
Omfang Estimeret: 1,00 modul
Dækker over: 1 moduler
Særlige fokuspunkter
Væsentligste arbejdsformer

Titel 17 (HL) Endocrine signalling

Theme:
Endocrine signalling

Central concepts:
- Homornes as chemical signal molecules
- Ligands and receptors
- Signalling pathways

Pages in the book, articles, links etc.:
- Allott, A; Mindorff, D; 2023, Biology Course Companion: p. 414-423

Description:


Exercises:
Indhold
Kernestof:
Omfang Estimeret: 2,00 moduler
Dækker over: 4 moduler
Særlige fokuspunkter
Væsentligste arbejdsformer

Titel 18 (HL) Classification

Theme:
Need for classification

Central concepts:
- Taxonomy
- Evolutionary relationships
- Classification
- DNA & aminoacid sequencing as a means of classification
- Cladograms

Pages in the book, articles, links etc.:
- Allott, A; Mindorff, D; 2023, Biology Course Companion: p. 115-130

Description:


Exercises:
Indhold
Kernestof:
Omfang Estimeret: 3,00 moduler
Dækker over: 10 moduler
Særlige fokuspunkter
Væsentligste arbejdsformer

Titel 19 (HL) Cells - cycle and adaptations

Theme:
Cells

Central concepts:
- Adaptations of cells
   - Function determines adaptation
- Cell cycle
   - Interphase and mitosis
   - Phases: G1, S & G2, Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

Pages in the book, articles, links etc.:
- Allott, A; Mindorff, D; 2023, Biology Course Companion: p. 246-251, 628-634

Description:


Exercises:
Indhold
Kernestof:
Omfang Estimeret: 2,00 moduler
Dækker over: 3 moduler
Særlige fokuspunkter
Væsentligste arbejdsformer

Titel 20 Forløb#20

Indhold
Omfang Estimeret: Ikke angivet
Dækker over: 0 moduler
Særlige fokuspunkter
Væsentligste arbejdsformer